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ASTM A178 is a specification that provides specifications for electric resistance welded tubes, also known as ERW SA178 Boiler Tube. This specification can also be abbreviated. These ASTM-specified SA178a Boiler Tubes are made with a minimum wall thickness using carbon steel alloys and carbon-manganese steel. They are designed to meet the requirements of the ASTM standard. These ASTM SA178 Grade A Electric-Resistance Welded Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes are intended for use in boiler flues, boiler tubes, superheater flues, and safe ends, among other applications. The SA 178 Gr A Tubes are made from low carbon steel, despite the fact that the specification covers a variety of alloy groups in terms of grade. Although it is known to have excellent ductility and toughness capabilities, along with being machinable and weldable, this SA178a Tube Material that is based on low carbon is recognised to be soft. In addition to this, our customers favour utilising this Carbon Steel ASTM A178 Tubing as a plumbing option because it is really economical.
After the welding process, each grade of the SA178 Boiler Tube prescribed by ASTM is required to go through a heat treatment. The SA 178 Gr A ERW Boiler Tubes, after being subjected to a heat treatment, are required to be cooled down thereafter. When it comes to the tensile qualities, grade D and SA178c Carbon-Manganese Steel Boiler Tubes are both required to conform to specific specifications. These requirements include tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation properties, among others. In addition to these requirements, all four grades of the SA178 Boiler Tube, namely a, b, c, and d, are required to be chemically compliant in order to meet the specifications. For every grade of the ASTM A178 standard, the material must also be put through a battery of additional tests, including flange, flattening, tension, reverse flattening, hydrostatic, and even a non-destructive electric test.
Standard specification | ASTM A178, ASME SA178 |
Grade | Grade A, Grade C, Grade D, BKW, NBK, GBK |
Available sizes | 4 Inch to 26 Inch, Customized Size Available |
OD | 12.7mm to 127mm |
Wall thickness | 1.5mm to 6.0mm |
Length | 6m-25m, Custom Double / Single Random |
End Finish | Plain End, Beveled End, Treaded Protected With Plastic End Caps |
Shape | Round, Coiled, “U” Bend, Rectangular, Hydraulic |
Manufacturing types |
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Common uses & application |
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Producing process | Electric-Resistance-Welded |
Delivery Condition | Annealed, Normalized, Tempered, Heat Treatment, BK, BKS |
Surface | Varnish |
Common Supply Terms followed |
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Element | Carbon | Manganese | Phosphorus | Sulfur |
Grade A | 0.06-0.18 | 0.27-0.63 | 0.035 | 0.04 |
Grade B | 0.35 max | 0.80 max | 0.035 | 0.035 |
Grade C | 0.27 max | 1.00-1.50 | 0.030 | 0.035 |
SA178 Grade A | SA178 Grade C | SA178 Grade D | |
Tensile strength, min, ksi [MPa] | 47[325] | 60[415] | 70[485] |
Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa] | 26[180] | 37[255] | 40[275] |
Elongation in 2 in. or 50mm, min, % | 35 | 30 | 30 |
For longitudinal strip tests a deduction for | 1.50A | 1.50A | 1.50A |
Each1⁄32-in[0.8mm] decrease in wall thickness below 5⁄16in. [8mm] | |||
From the basic minimum elongation of the following percentage points shall be made |
Outside Diameter tolerance | Wall thickness tolerance | ||
OD < 50 | ±0.05mm | S < 4mm | ±12.5% |
OD > 50 | ±1% | 4–20mm | +15/-12.5% |
S≥20mm | ±12.5% |